Formulation and stability study of chlorpheniramine maleate transdermal patch

Main Article Content

I S Iman
A S Nadia
M Abdou Ebtsam

Abstract

Administration of drugs through skin has received great attention through the last decade. Hence this study aims to
formulate an anti-histaminic drug-Chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM) as transdermal patch using different bioadhesive
polymers such as ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, and polyvinyl pyrrolidon with different plasticizers such as propylene
glycol (PG) and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400). Patches were prepared though solvent evaporation method, evaluated
for their physical and mechanical properties and then subjected to stability study to select the best formulae to be evaluated
in vitro and in vivo. The selected formulae were examined for CPM release in phosphate buffer saline pH 5.5 and also tested
for CPM permeation through ear rabbit skin. Finally, one formula was evaluated in vivo in comparison with multiple oral
doses of commercial CPM oral tablets and results showed that CPM transdermal patch has higher bioavailability than an oral
tablet of the same dose, with lower plasma fluctuation and less administration frequency.
Key words: Transdermal patch, chlorpheniramine maleate, polymers, bioadhesive

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Article Details

How to Cite
Iman, I. S., Nadia, A. S., & Ebtsam, M. A. (2014). Formulation and stability study of chlorpheniramine maleate transdermal patch. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutics (AJP), 4(1). https://doi.org/10.22377/ajp.v4i1.328
Section
Articles

References

Ranade VV. Drug delivery systems: Transdermal drug delivery. J Clin

Pharmacol 1991;31:401-18.

Modamio P, Lastra CF, Marino EL. A comparative in-vitro study of

percautaneous penetration of betablochers in human skin. Int J Pharm

;194:249-59.

Ke GM, Wang L, Xue HY, Lu WL, Zhang X, Zhang Q, et al. In-vitro and invivo

characterization of a newly developed clonidine transdermal patch

for treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children.

Biol Pharm Bull 2005;28:305-10.

Bhalla HL, Bhate AS. Feasibility studies on transdermal films of

ephedrine. Indian Drugs 1994;31:328-32.

Nicoli S, Colombo P, Santi P. Release and permeation kinetics of caffeine

from bioadhesive transdermal films. AAPS J 2005;7:E218-23.

Guy RH. Current status and future prospects of transdermal drug

delivery. Pharm Res 1996;13:1765-9.

Tiwary AK, Sapra B, Jain S. Innovations in transdermal drug delivery:

Formulations and techniques. Recent Patents on Drug Delivery and

Formulation 2007;1:23-36.

Code G, Fischer W, Legler U, Wolff HM. Proceedings of 3rd TTS

symposium, Tokyo; 1987. p. 3-8.

Schaefer H, Zesch A, Stuttgen G. Skin permeability. New York: Springer-

Verlag; 1982. p. 123-46.

Tymes NW, Shah VP, Skelly JP. In-vitro profile of estradiol transdermal

therapeutic systems. J Pharm Sci 1990;79:601-2.

Heather AE. Transdermal drug delivery: Penetration enhancement

techniques. Curr Drug Deliv 2005;2:23-33.

Zhai H, Maibach H. Occlusion versus skin barrier function. Skin Res

Technol 2002;8:1-6.

Misra AN. Controlled and novel drug delivery. In: Jain NK, editors.

Transdermal drug delivery. New Delhi: CBS Publishers;1997. p. 100-1.

Pugh WJ, Hadgraft J. Prediction of human skin permeability coefficients.

Int J Pharm 1994;103:163-78.

Hsieh DS. Drug permeation enhancement. Vol. 62. New York: Marcel

Dekker; 1994. p. 47.

Rathore RP, Chauhan CS, Naruka PS, Tanwar YS, Chauhan LS.

Transdermal formulation of terbutaline sulfate. Udaipur, Rajasthan,

India: B.N. College of Pharmacy; 2007.

Amnuaikit CI, Ikeuchi KO, Higaki K, Kimura T. Skin permeation of

propranolol from polymeric film containing terpene enhancers for

transdermal use. Int J Pharm 2005;289:167-78.

Sadashivaiah R, Dinesh BM, Uma AP, Desai PG, Raghu KS. Design and

in-vitro evaluation of haloperidol lactate transdermal patches containing

ethyl cellulose-povidone as film formers. Asian J Pharm 2008;2:43-9.

Verma PR, Iyer SS. Transdermal delivery of propranolol using mixed

grades of Eudragit: Design and in-vitro and in-vivo evaluation. Drug Dev

Ind Pharm 2000;26:471-6.

Allen DJ, DeMacro JD, Kwan KC. Free films. In: apparatus and preliminary

evaluation. J Pharm Sci 1972;61:100-9.

Padula C, Stefani D, Flugoni A, Santi P. Formulation and optimization of

new bioadhesive film for dermal/transdermal drug delivery. Department

of pharmacy. University of Parma, Parma, Italy; 2005.

Koteswar UK. Preparation and evaluation of captopril transdermal

matrices. Indian Drugs 1992;29:680-8.

Biswajit M, Sushmita M, Surajit D, Balaram P. Sorbitan Monolaurate

as a Potential skin permeation enhancer in transdermal patches. J

Appl Res 2005;5:96-108.

Soha AF, Mohammed AB, Samia S. Formulation and evaluation of

ofloxacine in topical form, Master thesis, Faculty of pharmacy, Cairo

university, Egypt; 2006. p. 21.

Ellango R, Kavimani S, Mullaicharam AR, Jayakar B. In-vitro Studies

on Buccal Strips of glibenclamide using chitosan. Indian J Pharm Sci

;59:232-6.

Minghetti P, Cilurzo F, Montanari L. Evaluation of adhesive properties

of patches based on acrylic matrices. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 1999;25:1-9.

Naim S, Samuel B, Chauhan B, Paradkar A. Effect of potassium chloride

and cationic drug on swelling, erosion and release from k-Carrageenan

matrices. AAPS Pharm Sci Tech 2004;5:25.

Mohammed A, Yasmine S, Asgare A. Matrix type transdermal drug

delivery systems of metoprolol tartrate: In-vitro characterization. Acta

Pharm 2003;53:119-25.

Yang L, Fassihi R. Zero order release kinetics from a self-correcting

floatable asymmetric configuration drug delivery system. J Pharm Sci

;85:170.

Kim H, Fassihi R. New ternary polymeric matrix system for controlled

drug delivery of highly soluble drugs: Part 1: Diltiazem hydrochloride.

Pharm Res 1997;14:1415.

Chang JY, Oh Y, Choi HG, Kim YB, Kim CK. Rheological evaluation

of thermosensitive and mucoadhesive vaginal gels in physiological

conditions. Int J Pharm 2002;241:155-63.

Peppas NA. Analysis of fickian and non-fickian drug release from

polymers. Pharm Acta Helv 1985;60:110-1.

Skerrow D, Skerrow C, editor. Methods in skin research: “Skin

permeabilityâ€. New York: John Wiley and Sons; 1985. p. 407-31.

Bonferoni M, Rossi S, Ferrari F, Caramella C. A modified Franz diffusion

cell for simultaneous assessment of drug release and washability of

mucoadhesive gels. Pharm Dev Technol 1999;4:45-53.

Udupa N, Pandey N, Praveen SH. Formulation and evaluation of

Nimesulide transdermal drug delivery systems. Indian J Pharm Sci

;62:376-9.

Ghosal SK, Bhattacharya M, Mandal SC. In-vitro release and permeation

kinetics of pentazocaine from matrix dispersion type transdermal drug

delivery systems. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 1994;20:1933-41.

Cho CW, Shin SC. Enhanced transdermal delivery of atenolol from the

ethylene-vinyl acetate matrix. Int J Pharm 2004;287:67-71.

Guyot N, Fawaz F, Design and in vitro evaluation of adhesive matrix

for transdermal delivery of propranolol. Int J Pharm 2000;204:171-82.

Korsmeyer RW, Gurny R, Doelker EM, Buri P, Peppas NA. Mechanism

of solute release from porous hydrophilic polymers. Int J Pharm

;15:25-35.

Katzhendler I, Mader K, Friedman M. Structure and hydration

properities of Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose matrices containing

naproxen and naproxen sodium. Int J Pharm 2000;200:161-9.

Yuveraj ST, Chetan SC, Anshu S. Development and evaluation of

carvedilol transdermal patches. Acta Pharm 2007;57:151-9.

Wahid A, Sridhar BK, Shivakumar S. Preparation and evaluation

of transdermal drug delivery system of etoricoxib using modified

chitosan. Indian J Pharma Sci 2008;70:455-60.

Saraf S, Saraf SI, Dixit VK, Transdermal formulation and evaluation of

timolol maleate. Institute of Pharmacy. Ravishanker, Shukla University;

Marttin A, Bustamante P. Chun AH, Kinetics. In: Physical Pharmacy. New

Delhi, India: Waverly Pvt. Ltd; 1999. p. 167-287.

Srinivas M, Nayanabhirama U. Formulation development, in vitro and

in vivo evaluation of membrane controlled systems of glibenclamide.

J Pharm Pharma Sci 20005;8:26-38.