Exploring the Biomedical Applications of Plant-mediated Silver Nanoparticles and Eco-friendly Solutions

Abstract

Cancer continues to be a major cause of death worldwide. Cancer is among the primary causes of mortality and illness, characterized by a complex pathophysiology. Conventional cancer treatments encompass chemotherapy, radiation, targeted, and immunotherapy. Still, challenges, such as a lack of specificity, cytotoxic effects, and multidrug resistance significantly hinder effective cancer management. The emergence of nanotechnology has transformed the field of cancer diagnosis and treatment. The exceptional optical, electrical, and catalytic characteristics of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have garnered the interest of researchers due to their small size. This review aims to investigate the biomedical applications of plant-assisted nanoparticles (NPs) as a strategy to address antimicrobial resistance, anticancer, antimicrobial, and wound-healing properties. This method presents a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative to antibiotics and traditional chemical synthesis techniques for generating
AgNPs. Various analytical methods are utilized to assess the morphological, structural, and compositional properties of these NPs. AgNPs are evaluated for their effectiveness as anticancer agents against breast, prostate,
and lung cancers. The environmentally friendly synthesis of AgNPs through greener methods offers several advantages over chemical and physical processes, including cost efficiency, the absence of toxic byproducts,
sustainable environmental pathways, ease of regeneration, and the bio reducing capabilities of plant-assisted NPs. This review delivers a comprehensive overview of the various biomedical applications of plant-assisted AgNPs, which demonstrate antimicrobial, antibiofilm, anticancer, and wound healing properties. In conclusion, we emphasize the importance of developing sustainable methods, expanding the range of biomedical applications, establishing safety protocols, promoting good health and well-being for the responsible use of AgNPs.