Serum Uric Acid: A Missing Link between Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Risk? A Cross-sectional Study

Abstract

Background: The study was aimed to evaluate serum uric acid (SUA) levels in patients with and without metabolic syndrome (MetS) with the Framingham risk score (FRS) and MetS components. Materials and Methods: The current cross-sectional study was carried out in a medical college hospital from September 2024 to September 2025 with prior informed consent, involving 88 participants, 44 in each group, aged 18–50 years, with or without MetS as per revised National Cholesterol Education Program guidelines. The institutional ethics approval ID is YEC-2/2024/224. Demographic and clinical data were collected. SUA and lipid profile were estimated by the colorimetric method in Vitros 5600. FRS was calculated using an online calculator. The independent t-test, Pearson correlation, and Chi-square tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: The participants’ mean age was 44.04 ± 7.67 years, and 54.5% of the participants were men. Body mass index, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose (FBS), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, and FRS were significantly different between the MetS and non-MetS groups (P < 0.05). FRS exhibited a positive correlation with TC (r = 0.314, P = 0.038), and SUA exhibited a significant negative correlation with FBS (r = −0.46, P = 0.002) in
patients with MetS. Conclusion: The inverse correlation between SUA and fasting blood glucose in individuals with MetS suggests a potential interplay between the metabolism of uric acid and glycemic regulation