Asian Journal of Pharmaceutics • Jul-Sep 2025 • 19 (3) | 963 A Review of Various Analytical Techniques-Based Methods for Quantification of Sitagliptin (DPP-4 Inhibitor)

Abstract

Sitagliptin is a commonly prescribed anti-diabetic drug that has been authorized for the treatment of Type 2 diabetes
patients. Sitagliptin is a selective inhibitor of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 enzyme. Accurate and exact measurement
is essential for determining sitagliptin’s pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, and therapeutic effectiveness. A variety
of analytical methods have been developed for the measurement of Sitagliptin, over time, each with specific
benefits and drawbacks. With the help of high-performance liquid chromatography, high-performance thin layer
chromatography, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, spectroscopy (ultraviolet visible spectroscopy),
electroanalytical methods, and ultraviolet performance liquid chromatography methods, this critical review aims
to comprehensively evaluate the various analytical techniques used for sitagliptin quantification. The overview
covers each technique’s fundamental guiding concepts, sample preparation steps, and detection methods. Based on
publicly available data, each method’s performance qualities, including sensitivity, selectivity, accuracy, precision,
and linearity, are evaluated rigorously. It is also explored whether these methods can be used on complicated
biological matrices, including plasma, serum, and urine. The overview is concluded with a comparison of the
various analytical approaches, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages. In addition, information on new
developments and trends in sitagliptin measurement techniques is included.